SEBARAN TINGKAT KUALITAS AIR PADA AIR TANAH DAN AIR PDAM DI PERUMAHAN DOSEN UNIVERSITAS TADULAKO KELURAHAN TONDO

SEBARAN TINGKAT KUALITAS AIR PADA AIR TANAH DAN AIR PDAM DI
PERUMAHAN DOSEN UNIVERISTAS TADULAKO
KELURAHAN TONDO
Hasanuddin, M. Marjan, Setiyawan
ABSTRAK
Ketersediaan air bersih merupakan kebutuhan mendasar masyarakat yang berperan penting dalam menjaga
kesehatan dan kualitas hidup, termasuk bagi warga Perumahan Dosen Universitas Tadulako yang berlokasi
di Kelurahan Tondo. Kawasan ini memanfaatkan tiga sumber air utama, yaitu air tanah, PDAM Donggala,
dan PDAM Vatutela, untuk memenuhi kebutuhan domestik sehari-hari. Perbedaan kondisi hidrogeologi,
karakteristik akuifer, serta potensi pencemaran domestik dari aktivitas permukiman menuntut adanya
evaluasi kualitas air yang komprehensif dan berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis
kualitas air dari ketiga sumber tersebut berdasarkan parameter fisik dan kimia, menghitung nilai Water
Quality Index (WQI), serta memetakan persebaran kualitas air secara spasial menggunakan pendekatan
Sistem Informasi Geografis (GIS). Metode penelitian meliputi pengambilan sampel pada masing-masing
sumber air, pengujian laboratorium mengacu pada Permenkes Nomor 2 Tahun 2023 tentang persyaratan
kualitas air minum, serta analisis kuantitatif menggunakan metode WQI untuk menentukan tingkat
kelayakan air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh parameter fisik dan kimia masih berada di
bawah ambang batas baku mutu yang ditetapkan. Nilai pH berkisar antara 7,95–8,37, Total Dissolved
Solids (TDS) sebesar 244–293 mg/L, serta kesadahan antara 2,86–3,30 mg/L. Konsentrasi besi (Fe),
mangan (Mn), dan senyawa nitrogen terdeteksi dalam kadar sangat rendah. Nilai WQI untuk air tanah,
PDAM Donggala, dan PDAM Vatutela masing-masing sebesar 21,48; 21,50; dan 21,66 yang termasuk
kategori Excellent Water. Analisis spasial menunjukkan pola distribusi kualitas air yang relatif homogen
tanpa indikasi hotspot pencemaran. Dengan demikian, kualitas air bersih di lokasi penelitian tergolong
sangat baik dan layak digunakan untuk kebutuhan domestik masyarakat.
Kata kunci: kualitas air, Water Quality Index, air tanah, PDAM, GIS
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF GROUNDWATER AND PDAM WATER
QUALITY IN THE UNIVERSITAS TADULAKO FACULTY HOUSING AREA,
TONDO VILLAGE
Hasanuddin, M. Marjan, Setiyawan
ABSTRACK
The availability of clean water is a fundamental community need that plays a vital role in maintaining
health and quality of life, including for residents of the Lecturers’ Housing Complex of Universitas
Tadulako located in Kelurahan Tondo. This area utilizes three main water sources—groundwater, PDAM
Donggala, and PDAM Vatutela—to meet daily domestic needs. Differences in hydrogeological conditions,
aquifer characteristics, and the potential for domestic pollution from residential activities require a
comprehensive and sustainable evaluation of water quality. This study aims to analyze the water quality of
the three sources based on physical and chemical parameters, calculate the Water Quality Index (WQI),
and map the spatial distribution of water quality using a Geographic Information System (GIS) approach.
The research methods included sampling from each water source, laboratory testing in accordance with
the Indonesian Ministry of Health Regulation Number 2 of 2023 concerning drinking water quality
standards, and quantitative analysis using the WQI method to determine water suitability levels. The results
indicate that all physical and chemical parameters remain below the established quality standard
thresholds. The pH values ranged from 7.95 to 8.37, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) ranged from 244 to 293
mg/L, and hardness values ranged from 2.86 to 3.30 mg/L. The concentrations of iron (Fe), manganese
(Mn), and nitrogen compounds were detected at very low levels. The WQI values for groundwater, PDAM
Donggala, and PDAM Vatutela were 21.48, 21.50, and 21.66, respectively, all classified as Excellent
Water. Spatial analysis showed a relatively homogeneous distribution pattern of water quality with no
indication of pollution hotspots. Therefore, the clean water quality at the study location is categorized as
very good and suitable for domestic use by the community.
Keywords: water quality, Water Quality Index, groundwater, PDAM, GIS