EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK BAWANG PUTIH (Allium Sativum) TTERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR KOLESTEROL TOTAL TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus Norvegicus) Yang DIINDUKSI ALOKSAN DAN PAKAN TINGGI LEMAK

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF GARLIC EXTRACT (ALLIUM SATIVUM) ON REDUCING TOTAL CHOLESTEROL LEVELS IN WHITE RATS (RATTUS NORVEGICUS) USING ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETES MODEL AND HIGH-FAT DIET

Amelia Putri Wijayanti1*, Mohammad Salman2
1*Medical Student, Faculty of Medicine, Tadulako University
2Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Tadulako University

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases distinguished by hyperglycemia caused by defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Decreased in insulin levels can will result in an increase in the activity of the lipoprotein lipase enzyme and increase cholesterol synthesis. The allicin and flavonoid that is contained in garlic can lower total cholesterol levels.

Objective: To determine the most effective dose of garlic extract (Allium sativum) in reducing total cholesterol levels in rats with alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus and high-fat diet.

Methods: This research was a true experimental study with a pre-post-test control group design. 15 rats were adapted and divided into five groups: the negative control group received 0.5% NaCMC, the positive control group received 45 mg/kg BW metformin, and the garlic extract test group received doses of 80 mg/kg BW, 200 mg/kg BW, and 400 mg/kg BW garlic extract. The rats were induced with alloxan and high-fat feed before receiving garlic extract. Cholesterol levels were measured using a cholesterol test strip. Data analysis used a parametric statistical test, namely Repeated ANOVA with a Bonferroni Post Hoc Test.

Results: The results of the repeated ANOVA test showed that there was a significant difference in the treated rats with a p value of 0.000 (p <0.05). The results of the Bonferroni post hoc test obtained a P value of 0.000 (p<0.05) in the garlic extract treatment group at a dose of 400 mg/Kg BW which showed the most effective dose of nightlam in reducing total cholesterol levels.

Conclusion: Garlic extract is effective in reducing total cholesterol levels in rats. Garlic extract dose of 400 mg/KgBB is the most effective dose in reducing total cholesterol levels.

Keywords: garlic, diabetes mellitus, total cholesterol