EKSPLORASI KERAGAMAN DAN KEPADATAN SPORA MIKORIZA ARBUSKULAR PADA PERAKARAN TANAMAN CENGKEH (Syzygium Aromaticum L.)

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to determine the density and diversity based on the color of the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on the roots of clove plants. This research was conducted at the Agronomy Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Tadulako University. The sampling location is located in Botugolu Village, Bunobogu District, Buol Regency, Central Sulawesi Province. The study was conducted from October to December 2019. This study used a randomized block design (RBD) with 5 treatments and 5 replications, so that there were 25 experimental units. The distance of the soil sampling is done horizontally from the base of the roots of the clove plant, with 5 treatments and the soil surface is dug to a depth of 20-30 cm. The results obtained showed that the treatment of the distance from the root base of 15-40 cm had more spores than the others, and was significantly different from other treatments with an average number of spores of 362.4 per 10 g of soil. The results of the variety of spores based on color showed that the treatment at the distance from the root base of 15-40 cm had a darker spore color (black) than the others, and was significantly different from other treatments, with an average number of black spores, namely 176.0 per 10 g of soil.

Key words: Arbuscular mycorrhiza, and cloves

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujan untuk mengetahui kepadatan dan keragaman berdasarkan warna Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskular pada perakaran tanaman Cengkeh. Penelitian ini dilaksananakan di Laboraturium Agronomi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Tadulako. Dengan lokasi pengambilan sampel bertempat di Desa Botugolu, Kecamatan Bunobogu, Kabupaten Buol, Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Oktober sampai Desember 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK,) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan,sehingga terdapat 25 unit percobaan. Jarak pengambilan sampel tanah dilakukan secara Horizontal dari pangkal akar tanaman Cengkeh, dengan 5 perlakuan dan pada permukaan tanah tersebut digali sedalam 20-30 cm. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan jarak dari pangkal akar 15-40 cm memiliki jumlah spora lebih banyak dibandingkan yang lainnya, dan berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan lainnya dengan rata-rata jumlah spora yaitu 362.4 per 10 g tanah. Hasil dari keragaman spora berdasarkan warna menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan jarak dari pangkal akar 15-40 cm memiliki warna spora lebih gelap (hitam) dibandingkan yang lainnya, dan berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan lainnya, dengan rata-rata jumlah spora hitam yaitu 176.0 per 10 g tanah.

Kata kunci : Mikoriza Arbuskular, dan Cengkeh